Protection of our environment and our natural resources is crucial. Water, our most precious food, is also our most thoroughly controlled food. Whether it is drinking water, surface or waste water, the PAL System provides the tools and workflows for automated analysis of large sample series, even the continuous online sampling from water streams.
A common technique for the control of water quality is solid phase micro-extraction (SPME). Using the SPME Arrow lowest levels of contaminants can be analyzed. Examples include geosmin and 3-MIB, as well as poly aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or pesticides.
Similar SPME applications are used for the quality control of beverages, beer brewing, or also various kind of spirits. In addition, the classical static headspace (HS) or dynamic headspace analysis are available for routine water analysis.
Environmental contaminants in water, soil or sediments like personal care products (PCPs), pesticides or hormones use either the QuEChERS extraction with micro-SPE clean-up (µSPE), or SPME Arrow techniques.
Discover our and our partners ready-to-go workflows.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) leachates from cigarette butts into water
Keywords: Cigarette butts, PAHs leachate, naphtalene, fluorene, SPME Arrow
Environmental Pollution 259 (2020) 113916
Aerial drone as a carrier for miniaturized air sampling systems
Keywords: Aerial drone; Miniaturized air sampling systems; SPME Arrow; ITEX; Sampler; Sampling accessories; Air sampling
J Chromatogr A, 1597 (2019) 202-208 (OPEN ACCESS)
PAL SPME Arrow - evaluation of a novel solid-phase microextraction device for freely dissolved PAHs in water (OPEN ACCESS)
Keywords: PAL SPME Arrow, SPME, Solid-Phase Microextraction, PDMS, PAH, water
Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2016, 408, 943-952
Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediment by Pressure-Balanced Cold Fiber Solid Phase Microextraction
Keywords: pressure-balanced cold fiber SPME, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon, PAH, sediment
Anal. Chem.; 2016, 88 , pp 8936–8941
Solid phase microextraction Arrow for the sampling of volatile amines in wastewater and atmosphere
Keywords: SPME Arrow, Solid phase microextraction, Dimethylamine, Trimethylamine, Wastewater, Atmosphere
J. Chromatography A, 1426 (2015) 56-63
Optimization strategies of in-tube extraction (ITEX) methods (OPEN ACCESS)
Keywords: In-tube extraction, ITEX, ITEX DHS, method development, parameter optimization
Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2015, 407, 6827-6838
Determination of Sub-Nanomolar Levels of Low Molecular Mass Thiols in Natural Waters by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry after Derivatization with p-(Hydroxymercuri) Benzoate and Online Preconcentration.
Keywords: online preconcentration, SPE, LC-ESI-MS/MS, thiols, derivatization
Anal Chem. 2015; 87 :1089-96. doi: 10.1021/ac503679y
Coupling of a Headspace Autosampler with a Programmed Temperature Vaporizer for Stable Carbon and Hydrogen Isotope Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds at Microgram per Liter Concentrations.
Keywords: GC/IRMS, compound-specific stable isotope analysis, hydron and carbon isotope ratio mass spectrometry, headspace sampling, BTEX, MTBE
Anal Chem. 2015 ; 87 :951-9. doi: 10.1021/ac503229e
Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in small volumes of human blood by high-throughput on-line SPE-LVI-GC-HRMS
Keywords: On-line solid phase extraction, SPE, large volume injection, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, human blood, PCBs, polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides
J. Chrom. B (2014), 945-946, 217-224
Automated Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction Using Dissolvable Fe304-Layered Double Hyroxide Core-Shell Microspheres as Sorbent
Keywords: Dispersive SPE, magnetic particles
Anal Chem. 2014; 86 11070-6
Automated dispersive liquide-liquide microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Keywords: Dispersive LLE, phtalate esters, GC-MS
Anal Chem. 2014;86 3743-9
On-line solide-phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography tandem spectrometry optimized for the analysis of steroid hormones in urban waste waters
Keywords: Endocrine disrupting compounds, on-line SPE, LC-MS
Talanta 115 (2013) 349-360
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes as sorptive material for solventless in-tube microextraction (ITEX2)—a factorial design study
Keywords: Carbon nanotubes, in-tube microextraction, design of experiment GC-MS, VOCs, water samples
Anal Bioanal Chem (2013) 405:8387–8395
Sorbent Coated Glass Wool Fabric as a Thin Film Microextraction Device
Anal. Chem. 2012, 84, 8990−8995
Multiresidue analysis of 88 polar organic micropollutants in ground, surface and wastewater using online mixed-bed multilayer solid-phase extraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
J Chromatography A, 1268 (2012) 74– 83
In-Tube Extraction of Volatile Organic Compounds from Aqueous Samples: An Economical Alternative to Purge and Trap Enrichment
Anal. Chem. 2010, 82, 7641–7648
Determination of anti-inflammatory drugs in water samples, by in situ derivatization, solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Talanta. 2008 Mar 15; 75 (1): 111-5
Determination of volatile organic hydrocarbons in water samples by solid-phase dynamic extraction
Anal Bioanal Chem (2007) 387:2163–2174
Miniaturization and Automation of an Internally Cooled Coated Fiber Device
Anal. Chem. 2006, 78, 5222-5226
Fully automated online solid phase extraction coupled directly to liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry Quantification of sulfonamide antibiotics, neutral and acidic pesticides at low concentrations in surface waters
Journal of Chromatography A, 1097 (2005) 138–147
Full automation of derivatization-solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with a dual-arm system for the determination of organometallic compounds in aqueous samples
Phytochem. Anal. 2014, 25 (2), 161-9
Trace Determination of Macrolide and Sulfonamide Antimicrobials, a Human Sulfonamide Metabolite, and Trimethoprim in Wastewater Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 4756-64
Analysis of Highly Polar Pesticides
Micro-SPE (μSPE) emerged as an automated green micromethod for sample preparation and clean-up in food safety, proteomics, forensic, environmental and analysis since more than ten years. Applications are wideranging and cover drugs, environmental contaminants, and, in particular, the extract clean-up in multiresidue pesticide analysis. The automation of the μSPE sample preparation steps led to the desired standardization of the applied sorbent materials for extract clean-up for the large variety of food commodities, an increase in sample throughput, and the welcome potential for offline and online hyphenation with GC-MS, LC-MS or even IC analysis.
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Improved Peak Shapes for High Organic Samples: Sandwich Injections
Using a sandwich injection mode with the PAL LCMS-P tool enables improvements in peak shape and chromatography for samples containing a high percentage organic composition when injected into a high aqueous mobile phase.
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Static and Dynamic Headspace Analysis
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Automated Sample Prep Workflows: Save money and time
This compendium on instrumental sample preparation showcases the many proven solutions of automated sample preparation workflows for food, environmental, pharma, life science analysis, and beyond.
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PAL Ingenious News April 2021
- Drinking Water Quality Control - Screening for 57 Odorous Substances using SPME Arrow
- New arrivals - PAL Centrifuge
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Characterization of the New PAL Micro-SPE Cartridge for Pesticides Extract Clean-up
Since more than ten years micro-SPE (µSPE) emerged as a micromethod for sample preparation and clean-up in food safety, proteomics, forensic, environmental and analysis. Applications are wide-ranging and cover drugs, environmental contaminants, and, in particular, the QuEChERS extract cleanup in multiresidue pesticide analysis. The automation of the µSPE sample preparation steps led to the desired increase in sample throughput, unification of the used sorbent materials for food commodities, and the potential for the online hyphenation with GC-MS and LC-MS instrumentation.
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Fully Automated QuEChERS for Organochlorine and Organophosphate Pesticides in Tomato Juice and Red Wine
Using PAL Robotic Tool Change (RTC) system, a fully automated QuEChERS was developed for the extraction and clean-up of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides from homogeneous samples. The automated QuEChERS workflow includes extraction with acetonitrile, salting out with
saturated sodium chloride solution and the clean-up with PAL μSPE prior to injection into the GC-MS/MS for analysis.
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Flavor and Off-Flavor Analysis using Solid Phase Microextraction
Solid Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME) is widely used for chemical analysis of foods, beverages and food contact materials. As an automated technique, the SPME applications are selected for their simplicity, throughput and extraction efficiency. As a solvent-free extraction, it is gains even more importance today as a green analytic technique. Besides the traditional SPME Fiber, the new SPME Arrow is enhancing trace level sensitivity at high mechanical robustness. With these features, this presentation will give insight on SPME analysis in coffee, wine and off-flavors.
Presented by:
Erich Leitner, Graz University of Technology Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry
Stefan Cretnik, PhD, Product Manager, CTC Analytics AG
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Analysis of flavors, pesticides, and biomarkers directly from complex food matrix using the automated Vacuum In-Tube Extraction (V-ITEX)
Extraction of volatile compounds is a widely used approach for analysis of foods and beverages. By the nature of gas phase sampling, the limiting factor for polar analytes are given by low vapor pressure or higher boiling points of semi-volatile compounds. These limitations can be overcome by sampling at decreased pressure levels using vacuum conditions. This has been shown in several publications using vacuum sampling techniques. In this study, a fully automated approach of Vacuum In-Tube Extraction (V-ITEX) is presented, a simple and fully automated technique using PAL system autosamplers. The application examples include flavors, fragrances, off-flavors, pesticides and biomarkers by extractions directly from the food sample matrix, such as Honey, Bee Wax, Cheese, Onions, Blood and Urine.
Presented by:
Pascal Fuchsmann, Head of Flavor Analytics Agroscope
Stefan Cretnik, Product Manager CTC Analytics AG
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